Fertility Fact or Fiction?

While assisted reproductive technologies (ART) have advanced considerably over the past two decades and there are many interventions to assist getting pregnant, the biggest factor impacting fertility is still the female’s age. Although some people still have quick pregnancy success after the age of 35, for many, it takes longer. From the age of 35, egg quality and quantity begin to decline naturally. Statistics show that by age 40, a female’s natural conception rate is estimated at 8-10 per cent per month, and at age 43, the rate is thought to be as low as 1-3 per cent per month. Advancing age also, unfortunately, increases the risk of miscarriage and chromosomal (genetic) abnormalities. Even with the help of ART, the fact is, that IVF success rates are certainly affected by age. So, if possible, the earlier you try to fall pregnant, the easier it will be

For women, ovulation and egg quality can be impacted by being either underweight or overweight. For men, sperm count and quality can be affected. To optimise your chances of success, aim to be within the normal BMI range. If your BMI is not in the normal range, it is wise to make lifestyle changes that will positively impact your weight. The “business” of daily life makes it difficult for many of us to maintain a healthy weight, but it is possible to lose (or gain, if required) weight and get in better shape by adopting a healthy plan.

While women have often been the focus of infertility concerns, a recent study has found that a man’s age can also have an influence on the chances of falling pregnant. The study found that if the female partner was already 40-42 years old, the male partner’s age had no impact on success. However, if the female was younger than 40, the success rate was affected by the male partner’s age and declined as the man grew older. It is thought that advancing male age may cause impaired semen parameters, increased sperm DNA damage, and epigenetic alterations in sperm that affect fertilisation, implantation, or embryo development. However, female age remains the dominant factor in predicting (or explaining) a couple’s chance of conception.

Yes, it is true that excessive overheating of the testes can affect sperm quality. The testes are outside the body to keep them cooler for a reason. So it is best to avoid hot spas, saunas, extremely tight jeans or pants, and even using your laptop on your lap. If the temperature is too high within the testicles, it can affect sperm quality, so being cautious while trying to conceive is the best option.

Freezing embryos is no longer risky, and many studies have reported higher pregnancy success rates using frozen embryos. The method now commonly used to freeze eggs is called ‘vitrification’, which is a fast cryopreservation technique that is 7,000 times faster than slow freezing and has resulted in a dramatic increase in pregnancy rates due to the excellent quality of the embryos when thawed. Vitrification greatly reduces the risk of rupturing or damaging the embryo, as there is a minimal chance of ice crystals forming within the cell. One benefit of frozen embryos is that they do not age. For example, if you freeze an embryo at the age of 30 and decide to thaw and use it at age 35, the cell structure and quality of the embryo remain as they were when you were 30 years old.

It is true that there is now a range of IVF providers in the market, each with a different business model. There are what are referred to as ‘full-service clinics’ (like City Fertility Centre) and ‘discount clinics’. Here are the top things to compare when selecting a fertility clinic: choice of specialist; success rates; range of fertility services offered; qualifying criteria to be a patient; level of IVF treatment tailored to the patient; and exactly what is included in the cost.